Search results for "Biochemical engineering"
showing 10 items of 227 documents
Hair Dyes in Cosmetics. Regulatory Aspects and Analytical Methods
2007
Abstract Fragrance ingredients are extensively used in perfumes and other cosmetics, providing us with a pleasant scent. However, different fragrance chemicals and other chemicals present in perfume composition have been shown to cause undesirable side effects. The EC Regulation prohibits and limits the contents of some of them in cosmetics. Other international organizations, such as the International Fragrance Association and the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, work on the safety of fragrance chemicals and release reports on the convenience or not of using certain fragrance chemicals in cosmetics, depending on their toxicity. This chapter is focussed on the determination of fra…
On the biomechanical function of scaffolds for engineering load-bearing soft tissues
2009
Replacement or regeneration of load-bearing soft tissues has long been the impetus for the development of bioactive materials. While maturing, current efforts continue to be confounded by our lack of understanding of the intricate multi-scale hierarchical arrangements and interactions typically found in native tissues. The current state of the art in biomaterial processing enables a degree of controllable microstructure that can be used for the development of model systems to deduce fundamental biological implications of matrix morphologies on cell function. Furthermore, the development of computational frameworks which allow for the simulation of experimentally derived observations represe…
A multiphase multiobjective dynamic genome-scale model shows different redox balancing among yeast species of the saccharomyces genus in fermentation
2021
Yeasts constitute over 1,500 species with great potential for biotechnology. Still, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae dominates industrial applications, and many alternative physiological capabilities of lesser-known yeasts are not being fully exploited. While comparative genomics receives substantial attention, little is known about yeasts’ metabolic specificity in batch cultures. Here, we propose a multiphase multiobjective dynamic genome-scale model of yeast batch cultures that describes the uptake of carbon and nitrogen sources and the production of primary and secondary metabolites. The model integrates a specific metabolic reconstruction, based on the consensus Yeast8, and a kinetic …
Even free radicals should follow some rules: a guide to free radical research terminology and methodology.
2014
Free radicals and oxidants are now implicated in physiological responses and in several diseases. Given the wide range of expertise of free radical researchers, application of the greater understanding of chemistry has not been uniformly applied to biological studies. We suggest that some widely used methodologies and terminologies hamper progress and need to be addressed. We make the case for abandonment and judicious use of several methods and terms and suggest practical and viable alternatives. These changes are suggested in four areas: use of fluorescent dyes to identify and quantify reactive species, methods for measurement of lipid peroxidation in complex biological systems, claims of…
Iron-based metal-organic framework: Synthesis, structure and current technologies for water reclamation with deep insight into framework integrity.
2021
Water is a supreme requirement for the existence of life, the contamination from the point and non-point sources are creating a great threat to the water ecosystem. Advance tools and techniques are required to restore the water quality and metal-organic framework (MOFs) with a tunable porous structure, striking physical and chemical properties are an excellent candidate for it. Fe-based MOFs, which developed rapidly in recent years, are foreseen as most promising to overcome the disadvantages of traditional water depolluting practices. Fe-MOFs with low toxicity and preferable stability possess excellent performance potential for almost all water remedying techniques in contrast to other MOF…
Position paper - progress towards standards in integrated (aerobic) MBR modelling.
2020
Membrane bioreactor (MBR) models are useful tools for both design and management. The system complexity is high due to the involved number of processes which can be clustered in biological and physical ones. Literature studies are present and need to be harmonized in order to gain insights from the different studies and allow system optimization by applying a control. This position paper aims at defining the current state of the art of the main integrated MBR models reported in the literature. On the basis of a modelling review, a standardized terminology is proposed to facilitate the further development and comparison of integrated membrane fouling models for aerobic MBRs. ispartof: WATER …
Modern Electrochemical Aspects for the Synthesis of Value‐Added Organic Products
2017
The use of electricity instead of stoichiometric amounts of oxidizers or reducing agents in synthesis is very appealing for economic and ecological reasons, and represents a major driving force for research efforts in this area. To use electron transfer at the electrode for a successful transformation in organic synthesis, the intermediate radical (cation/anion) has to be stabilized. Its combination with other approaches in organic chemistry or concepts of contemporary synthesis allows the establishment of powerful synthetic methods. The aim in the 21st Century will be to use as little fossil carbon as possible and, for this reason, the use of renewable sources is becoming increasingly impo…
DNA Evidence Uncompromised by Active Oxygen
2010
Currently, forensic sciences can make use of the potential of instrumental analysis techniques to obtain information from the smallest, even invisible, samples. However, as laboratory techniques improve, so too should the procedures applied in the search for and initial testing of clues in order to be equally effective. This requires continuous revision so that those procedures may resolve the problems that samples present. As far as bloodstains are concerned, there are methods available that are recognized as being both highly sensitive and effective. Nevertheless, the marketing of new cleaning products, those that contain active oxygen, has raised doubts about the ability of those procedu…
Analytical Techniques for Furosemide Determination
2006
Abstract Due to the clinical importance of furosemide, a large number of analytical procedures to detect the presence of this drug in pharmaceutical and physiological samples has been developed. In this manuscript, a review of the most frequent analytical techniques described to determine furosemide is presented. Special attention has been paid to spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques, but also to relevant methods using capillary electrophoresis or flow‐injection analysis, as well as the detection modes coupled to these techniques. The review also focuses on the different degradation pathways of the drug and cautions to prevent it, otherwise rarely or confusedly mentioned in the…
All-atom simulations to studying metallodrugs/target interactions.
2021
Abstract Metallodrugs are extensively used to treat and diagnose distinct disease types. The unique physical–chemical properties of metal ions offer tantalizing opportunities to tailor effective scaffolds for selectively targeting specific biomolecules. Modern experimental techniques have collected a large body of structural data concerning the interactions of metallodrugs with their biomolecular targets, although being unable to exhaustively assess the molecular basis of their mechanism of action. In this scenario, the complementary use of accurate computational methods allows uncovering the minutiae of metallodrugs/targets interactions and their underlying mechanism of action at an atomic…